Monkey gazing

Monkey gazing depicts a single Japanese macaque in a moment of arrested attention, a subject with deep roots in East Asian painting and printmaking. Monkeys carried multiple associations in Japanese visual culture — Buddhist allegory, the zodiac sign saru, and the satirical possibilities exploited by artists such as Mori Sosen in painting and Kawanabe Kyōsai in prints. A mokuhanga study of this kind generally employs careful keyblock linework to articulate the dense fur and expressive face, with ink wash effects achieved through [bokashi](/glossary/bokashi) on a single block to suggest the animal's volume. The 'saru' element repeated throughout the slugs of this group is itself the Japanese word for monkey, suggesting the series may take the macaque as a recurring or titular motif. Within Fukami Gashu's loosely documented output, the print connects the artist to the long [ukiyo-e](/glossary/ukiyo-e) tradition of animal studies that his stylistic reference point Utagawa Kuniyoshi helped shape.