Untitled frontispiece from a novel (Young woman kneeling by window...),

This sheet is a [kuchi-e](/glossary/kuchi-e) (口絵), a woodblock-printed frontispiece bound into the opening pages of a Meiji-era novel or bungei zasshi (literary magazine). Gekko was among the most active kuchi-e designers of the 1890s and 1900s, and the format gave him a printed surface tightly coupled to a narrative scene. The composition shows a young woman kneeling by a window — a recurring kuchi-e device in which the woman's pose, gaze, and surroundings hint at the novel's emotional register without illustrating a specific passage. Kuchi-e were typically printed on thinner [washi](/glossary/washi) than full-format [nishiki-e](/glossary/nishiki-e) and used a softer palette appropriate to bound book pages, with subdued [bokashi](/glossary/bokashi) gradations in the background. Gekko's kuchi-e sit alongside his [bijin-ga](/glossary/bijin-ga) single sheets as the principal vehicle for his depictions of Meiji-era women, and they circulated far more widely than gallery prints because they reached every reader of the host publication.