Autumn

Autumn is a hanging-scroll painting of about 1911 by Ikeda Shōen, executed in ink, color, and gold on silk and now held by the Art Institute of Chicago (accession 2000.479.2; Kate S. Buckingham Endowment). The composition presents a single elegantly dressed woman in autumn costume — most likely a kimono patterned with chrysanthemums, maple leaves, or the seven autumn flowers of classical waka — set against the restrained ground that Shōen's Tokyo [bijin-ga](/glossary/bijin-ga) circle preferred to the busier backgrounds of earlier [ukiyo-e](/glossary/ukiyo-e) prints. The work belongs to the early years of Shōen's mature exhibition career, after her formal training under Mizuno Toshikata (1866-1908) and her marriage to fellow Toshikata pupil Ikeda Terukata, when she was becoming a regular at the Bunten salons established in 1907. The painting's combination of fine line work in the figure's outlines, soft graded color washes for the kimono fabric, and the discreet use of gold for fixtures or decoration places it firmly in the late-Meiji and Taishō tradition of female nihonga bijin-ga — admissible to the formal hanging-scroll format that nihonga painters defended against the rising influence of Western oil painting, yet faithful to the older bijin-ga preoccupation with seasonal costume and the calibrated representation of feminine grace. The painting measures 112.1 by 41 centimeters (44 1/8 by 16 1/8 inches), with the full mount at about 202 by 53 centimeters. It is one of the relatively few works by Shōen in a major American institutional collection and an important reference point for the Tokyo bijin-ga school in the years before her early death in 1917.