（釋尊）

Shakyamuni (釋尊) depicts Gautama Buddha, the historical founder of Buddhism, in a devotional image format. The title uses a Japanese approximation of the Sanskrit honorific Shakyamuni—Sage of the Shakyas—indicating a formal religious subject. Kiyochika, working in the period when Buddhism was under institutional pressure following the Meiji government's promotion of State Shinto, renders a traditional icon in the woodblock medium. The composition likely depicts the Buddha in seated meditation with ushnisha cranial protuberance, elongated earlobes, and mudra hand gesture, possibly surrounded by a mandorla of light—a circular halo that would have provided opportunity for Kiyochika's characteristic radiating light effects. The print bridges the aesthetic concerns of his secular work with the devotional image tradition.